Unlocking Global Growth

Curated by Kevin O'Donnell

A collection of 85+ articles on international expansion strategy for B2B SaaS companies. Written by Kevin O'Donnell, former Dropbox international expansion lead and Microsoft veteran, now advising Series A to C companies on global go-to-market. Topics covered include pricing localization (why local currency and purchasing power parity are prerequisites for conversion), the monetization gap (how companies solve global product-market fit but fail to monetize internationally), international paid acquisition (why running English-only ads in non-English markets is the most common and most expensive mistake), fractional leadership models for global expansion, and operational playbooks for Series C and beyond. Try asking: - "What should I build before spending on international paid acquisition?" - "How do I localize my SaaS pricing without killing growth?" - "What's the case for hiring a fractional leader for international expansion?" - "How are companies like Figma and Canva approaching global monetization?"

Lenny's Podcast

Curated by Kevin O'Donnell

300+ episodes of Lenny's Podcast synthesised into a single queryable knowledge base. Covers B2B SaaS growth, product-led acquisition, retention strategy, pricing, and GTM. Built from transcripts and show notes so you can ask questions across the full archive rather than hunting for the right episode. Try questions like: - What do the best retention strategies have in common? - How have founders thought about pricing their first SaaS product? - What's the difference between product-led and sales-led growth? - How do you know when you've found product-market fit?

Lithium's relationship to Alzheimer's

Curated by Allen Yang

This is a compilation of all the references from the paper "Lithium deficiency and the onset of Alzheimer’s disease" by Aron, Liviu et al., published August 6, 2025 in Nature. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09335-x This knowledge base has all the publicly accessible papers in the References section of the above paper (~79 out of 90), as well as the paper itself. Ask questions here to explore this body of knowledge on lithium's impact on Alzheimer's and other neurological and mental health areas.

Open Source AI Models: A New Competitive Landscape This collection showcases the remarkable advancement of open source AI models across multiple domains, demonstrating how they now compete directly with proprietary systems from major tech companies. The landscape includes general-purpose LLMs like GLM-4.5 (355B parameters, 3rd globally), DeepSeek-V3-0324 (685B parameters with significant reasoning improvements), and Kimi K2 (1T total parameters with 32B active); specialized coding models such as Qwen3-Coder-480B-A35B-Instruct and DeepSeek-Coder-V2 that rival GPT-4 Turbo in coding tasks; and multimodal embedding models including jina-embeddings-v4 and Nomic Embed Multimodal that achieve state-of-the-art performance in visual document retrieval. Key themes emerging from this collection include the widespread adoption of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures for computational efficiency, agentic capabilities becoming a primary focus with models designed for tool use and autonomous problem-solving, multimodal integration enabling unified text-image processing, and long context support extending to millions of tokens. Performance benchmarks consistently show these open models matching or exceeding proprietary alternatives on specialized tasks, while leaderboard data confirms their competitive positioning across reasoning, coding, and retrieval benchmarks. This represents a fundamental shift in AI development, where open source models are no longer playing catch-up but are setting new standards and driving innovation in the field.

The Engine of Modernization This collection details how SnapSoft engineers complex cloud migrations and AI integrations across diverse sectors. The core narrative revolves around transitioning legacy or multi-cloud setups into highly optimized AWS environments to eliminate operational drag. * Rapid Infrastructure Overhauls: SnapSoft executes high-stakes migrations with extreme velocity. They moved FintechX to AWS in just two weeks and reduced Meta Carbon's infrastructure costs by 30 percent through Terraform automation. * AI as a Workflow Catalyst: Generative AI is consistently deployed to eliminate manual friction. For SkillShow, AWS Transcribe reduced video editing turnaround from three weeks to 24 hours. MBH Bank utilizes an AWS Bedrock-powered code analyzer to automate complex linting tasks. The Single Decisive Reason The fundamental value proposition across these case studies is the elimination of cognitive logistics and manual intervention. Whether building a custom CMS for CAPIT Reading using an NX monorepo or deploying a serverless scheduling engine for Emerald Transformer, the focus remains on replacing manual effort with scalable, automated architectures. This portfolio serves as a blueprint for leveraging cloud-native tools to achieve immediate go-to-market acceleration.

Westminster 2026: Penny's Historic Win This collection documents the 150th Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show, where Penny, a 4-year-old Doberman Pinscher, claimed Best in Show at Madison Square Garden. Handler Andy Linton secured his second Westminster victory—37 years after his 1989 win with another Doberman—making this only the fifth time the breed has won top honors. Competition Structure: Over 2,500 dogs across 204 breeds competed in seven groups (Hound, Toy, Non-Sporting, Herding, Sporting, Working, Terrier). Group winners advanced to Best in Show, judged by David Fitzpatrick. Cota the Chesapeake Bay Retriever earned Reserve Best in Show. Key Themes: The milestone 150th anniversary emphasized tradition, handler expertise, and breed-specific excellence. Coverage highlighted the rigorous judging criteria—structure, movement, and functional conformation—particularly evident in the Herding Group analysis. Penny's win underscores the enduring appeal of working breeds and the strategic importance of experienced handlers in elite competition. Cultural Significance: Westminster remains America's oldest continuously-held dog show and second-oldest sporting event after the Kentucky Derby, maintaining its status as the pinnacle of U.S. show dog achievement.

This collection provides a comprehensive overview of the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL) Official Rulebook for 2025-2026. The documents systematically cover all aspects of league play, from the physical playing environment (rink dimensions, goal specifications, ice markings) to team composition (roster limits, captain designation, injured player protocols) and equipment standards. A significant portion focuses on penalty classifications and enforcement, detailing physical infractions (boarding, charging, checking from behind), restraining infractions (holding, hooking, interference, tripping), stick infractions (slashing, spearing, high-sticking), and other violations (delay of game, too many players, unsportsmanlike conduct). The rulebook establishes clear procedures for game officials (referees, linespersons, timekeepers, video replay judges) and their responsibilities, plus detailed game flow mechanics including face-off procedures, line changes, overtime rules, and timing protocols. This collection serves as the complete regulatory framework governing PWHL competition, emphasizing player safety through equipment requirements and penalty structures while ensuring consistent, fair play across all league games.

Human Agency as a North Star for Tech Development This collection explores a critical tension in our digital age: the struggle between technology systems and incentives that increasingly centralize and consolidate control, and the tools that enhance human agency and self-determination. The intellectual history of this space is extensive and rich; what emerges from these documents is the revelation that control over personal data and digital identity determines our thoughts, decisions, and democratic processes. At the center lies the concept of agentic technology—systems designed to amplify human agency rather than diminish it. This movement, exemplified by a growing rebel alliance of technologists, challenges surveillance capitalism's business model of behavioral modification through intimate data collection. The collection traces philosophical foundations from classical liberal thinkers like Mill, Hayek, and Tocqueville to contemporary frameworks for privacy, decentralization, and user sovereignty.

Fractional Exec Resource Hub

Curated by Kevin O'Donnell

A curated knowledge base for fractional executives - covering client acquisition, pricing, contracts, community, and market data. Built from the most useful public resources in the space so you can stop hunting and start asking. Try questions like: - What are typical monthly retainer rates for a fractional CMO? - What should I include in a fractional executive contract? - How do I find my first clients outside my existing network? - What does the data say about income potential in fractional work?

AI Tools Transforming Venture Capital Operations This collection reveals how AI is fundamentally reshaping venture capital operations across the entire investment lifecycle. VCs are rapidly adopting specialized AI tools for five core functions: deal sourcing and lead generation (Harmonic, Tracxn, Grata), relationship management and CRM (Affinity), portfolio monitoring and performance tracking (Standard Metrics), meeting documentation and note-taking (Granola, Fireflies.ai), and valuation management (Derivatas). The transformation spans from automating manual tasks like data entry and startup screening to enhancing strategic decision-making through predictive analytics and real-time portfolio insights. Leading firms are already leveraging these tools to manage thousands of portfolio companies more effectively. Many VCs are using specialized, off-the-shelf solutions while also building in-house capabilities, with tools offering AI-powered automation, relationship intelligence, and integrated workflows becoming essential competitive advantages. The shift represents a move from spreadsheet-based operations to sophisticated, data-driven investment management platforms that enable faster decision-making and better LP reporting.

VC Education and Career Development Resource Collection This collection represents a comprehensive guide to venture capital education and career development, spanning from foundational learning resources to practical career opportunities. The materials include structured educational programs (VC University's Berkeley-certified courses), essential reading lists curated by practicing VCs, thought leadership from industry veterans like Fred Wilson and Brad Feld, and current job opportunities in the VC ecosystem. The collection emphasizes democratizing access to VC knowledge through formal education, mentorship, and community building. Key themes include the importance of practical, hands-on learning over theoretical knowledge, the value of networking and mentorship in career advancement, and the evolving nature of venture capital in areas like AI, web3, and emerging ecosystems.

This is a Collection of research curated for Liminary's blog post on mechanical vs cognitive friction for knowledge work: https://liminary.io/blog/best-ai-tools-friction-knowledge-work Explore the research yourself with this Open Collection! ===== About the article: This article explores why the best AI tools for knowledge work don’t eliminate friction but preserve it where it matters most. Drawing on research from cognitive science and organizational studies, it argues that while AI can boost productivity by removing mechanical friction—tedious, low-value effort—it should avoid removing cognitive friction, the effortful thinking that leads to insight and understanding. The piece examines studies showing when AI improves performance and when it undermines it, explains why editing AI outputs often feels harder than starting fresh, and discusses the risks of automation bias. It concludes that the future of AI knowledge management lies in tools that think with humans, not for them—highlighting Liminary as an example of thoughtful AI design that supports recall, context, and cognitive engagement without replacing human judgment.

This collection examines the transformative impact of AI and GenAI on knowledge work, research, and education, revealing both opportunities and challenges. Core themes include productivity gains (12-40% improvements in consultant performance), capability expansion beyond current skill levels, and the emergence of new human-AI collaboration patterns ('Centaurs' vs 'Cyborgs'). However, the collection highlights critical tensions: AI struggles with tasks outside its capabilities (19% lower correctness), creates new digital divides particularly affecting marginalized communities, and threatens research integrity through authorship ambiguity and potential fabrication. The literacy gap emerges as crucial—fear (52% nervous) rivals excitement (54%) about AI, with underrepresented groups facing disproportionate barriers. The collection suggests AI literacy isn't just technical knowledge but encompasses ethical considerations, responsible use, and an 'engineering mindset' for effective supervision. Strategic implications: Organizations must balance productivity gains against over-reliance risks, while educational systems need comprehensive frameworks (like AILit's 22 competences) to prepare workers and learners. The research automation tools (SPARK) demonstrate AI's potential to transform systematic review processes, yet underscore the need for human oversight in maintaining scholarly integrity.

Ben Lang Angel Investment Portfolio

Curated by Kevin O'Donnell

This collection is a synthesized 'External Brain' of Ben Lang—the pioneer of Community-Led Growth (Notion) and a prolific angel investor in 50+ world-class companies (Deel, Gamma, Luma). Unlike a static repository, this hub uses Liminary’s 'Social Memory' engine to connect years of Ben’s raw interviews with real-time intelligence reports on his portfolio. It is designed for founders and investors who want to skip the search and move straight to the synthesis. Try asking this collection: - What are Ben’s 3 non-negotiables for building a global ambassador program? - Based on his investments in Gamma and Lovable, what is his thesis on the future of AI workflows? - Compare Ben’s early investment criteria for Deel with his current interest in AI Agents. - What are the emerging 'white spaces' in Ben's portfolio that a new founder should target? - How did the Notion Template Gallery strategy solve the "cold-start" problem?

Super Bowl Halftime Show Evolution and Cultural Impact This collection traces how the Super Bowl halftime show transformed from forgettable intermissions into global cultural events that define careers and capture monoculture moments. Key Evolution: Michael Jackson's 1993 performance revolutionized the format, proving halftime could outdraw the game itself. This established a template where music's biggest stars deliver 12-15 minute spectacles that generate immediate cultural conversation—from Prince manifesting rain during "Purple Rain" to Left Shark's viral stumble. What Makes Shows Memorable: The most talked-about performances blend musical excellence with theatrical innovation and cultural resonance. Viewership records keep breaking (Kendrick Lamar's 133.5M viewers in 2025 topped Jackson's 133.4M), but impact transcends numbers—Beyoncé's Destiny's Child reunion, Rihanna's pregnancy reveal, and U2's post-9/11 tribute became defining moments beyond entertainment. Cultural Significance: These shows now serve as career milestones and cultural barometers. Bad Bunny's upcoming 2026 performance represents historic firsts (first Spanish-language album of the year winner headlining), while controversies like Janet Jackson's 2004 "wardrobe malfunction" sparked industry-wide consequences and deserve reappraisal. The halftime show evolved into America's most-watched music event—a 13-minute window where artists cement legacies before 120+ million viewers.

Design in 2025: To chat or not to chat

Curated by Mitchell Hart

The Future of Human-AI Interfaces: Beyond Chat and Towards Embodied Interaction This collection explores the evolving landscape of human-AI interfaces, challenging the dominance of conversational chatbots and advocating for more sophisticated, multi-modal approaches to human-computer interaction. The documents collectively argue that while AI capabilities are rapidly advancing, our interface paradigms are becoming increasingly reductive—flattening rich, embodied human experiences into text-based exchanges. Key themes include: - Interface Evolution: A progression from physical computing to GUIs to touchscreens, now trending toward text-only AI interactions that may be losing essential human elements - Design Principles: Emphasis on direct manipulation, visual clarity, and supporting human agency rather than replacing it - AI Development Methodology: Introduction of frameworks like CC/CD (Continuous Calibration/Continuous Development) that account for AI's non-deterministic nature - Critical Thinking: Concerns about AI systems that reinforce rather than challenge human assumptions, potentially undermining Enlightenment values of intellectual rigor The collection suggests we're at a pivotal moment where interface design choices will determine whether AI augments human capabilities or diminishes them, advocating for approaches that preserve human agency, support critical thinking, and leverage our full sensory and cognitive capabilities.

As we were getting started, I researched the best practices and non-obvious things to look for in hiring our founding team. This collection curates key content that shaped our hiring framework focused on velocity, quality, and cultural fit. Core insights: - Small teams win: Patrick Collison advocates for 2-10 people pre-PMF to maintain rapid iteration - Barrels vs Ammunition: Keith Rabois's framework for identifying rare, high-impact contributors who execute end-to-end - See people clearly: Graham Duncan emphasizes references are 5-10x more valuable than interviews—what people say vs. how they actually operate daily - T-shaped talent: Deep expertise in one area, competent across many—perfect for startup ambiguity - Prevent mediocrity: Ben Horowitz warns organizations naturally drift toward average without safeguards My favorite tactic: the anti-pitch. Tell candidates why they SHOULDN'T join. The right people lean in harder. The collection challenges conventional hiring wisdom with actionable frameworks for building exceptional founding teams. Have questions about these frameworks or how to apply them? Ask this curated collection.

AI Platform Evolution: From Reactive to Proactive Engagement This collection reveals a significant shift in AI platform strategy, where major companies are moving beyond traditional query-response models toward proactive, personalized AI experiences. Meta's Vibes feed represents a new paradigm for AI-generated content discovery and creation, focusing on short-form video content that users can remix and share across platforms. Meanwhile, OpenAI's ChatGPT Pulse introduces asynchronous AI research capabilities, where the system proactively delivers personalized daily updates based on user behavior, connected apps, and preferences. Both initiatives signal the emergence of AI agents - systems designed to work autonomously on users' behalf rather than waiting for explicit commands. This represents a fundamental transformation from AI as a tool you consult to AI as a proactive assistant that anticipates needs and delivers relevant content or insights without prompting. The focus on personalization, cross-platform integration, and user-guided curation suggests these companies are building toward more sophisticated AI ecosystems that blend content creation, information synthesis, and predictive assistance into seamless daily workflows.

This collection examines the intersection of artificial intelligence and knowledge management, with particular attention to cognitive implications for knowledge workers. The documents reveal a dual narrative: AI promises transformative efficiency gains in knowledge capture, retrieval, and synthesis, yet simultaneously introduces cognitive risks through offloading and automation dependency. Core tension: While AI-enhanced KM systems demonstrate measurable improvements in organizational performance—automating routine tasks, breaking down information silos, and enabling predictive analytics—research on cognitive offloading suggests frequent AI tool usage correlates negatively with critical thinking skills. This creates a strategic paradox: tools designed to augment knowledge work may inadvertently diminish the cognitive capabilities they're meant to enhance. Key themes emerging: The shift from traditional note-taking and knowledge capture methods to AI-assisted approaches fundamentally alters how humans process and retain information. Studies on note-taking reveal that the encoding effect—deeper processing through manual engagement—may be compromised by digital tools. Similarly, AI's role in KM is evolving from supporting routine tasks to enabling real-time knowledge flows, but this transition requires careful attention to human-AI collaboration models, organizational readiness, and ethical governance. Strategic implications: Success depends less on technology selection than on cultivating AI literacy, maintaining human oversight in critical thinking domains, and designing systems that promote mutual learning between humans and AI rather than passive consumption.

Human Curation Renaissance

Curated by Sarah Andrabi

This collection examines a fundamental tension in the digital age: information abundance versus insight scarcity. Across diverse contexts—from Clay Shirky's "filter failure" concept to AI-generated content proliferation—the documents reveal that our challenge isn't too much information, but rather inadequate systems for transforming it into actionable knowledge. Three core themes emerge: (1) Trust erosion as AI-generated content floods digital spaces, with consumers increasingly skeptical yet simultaneously dependent on AI tools; (2) The curator's evolving role as both human expertise and AI capabilities reshape how we filter, synthesize, and create meaning from information; and (3) The human-AI collaboration imperative, where the "sweet spot" lies not in replacement but in augmentation—leveraging AI for pattern recognition and data processing while preserving human judgment for context, creativity, and ethical reasoning. The collection suggests that solving information overload requires moving beyond capture-and-organize tools toward systems that actively support knowledge synthesis and insight generation. Success depends on designing for recall over storage, measuring reuse over accumulation, and building trust through transparency rather than automation alone.

Guide to Founder-led Sales

Curated by Allen Yang

Founder-led sales is an important skill for most founders to learn. Here's a curated set of resources on this topic - best of luck to all the founders out there who are starting their journey!

Yes, RTFM ( https://www.ableton.com/en/move/manual/ ) But also specific question when you want to know a quick answer.